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Scientific Results
18/04/2022
The formation of galaxies magnetic fields from zero has been explained through a new mechanism in the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory after V.Ambartsumyan of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia

The Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory after V.Ambartsumyan of NAS RA is conducting research on formation of magnetic fields from zero in our Galaxy and other galaxies. The work is supervised by Ruben Andreasyan, the Head of the "Active Galaxies" Scientific Research Department of the Byurakan Observatory, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences.

"Dynamo mechanisms" have so far been used to study the amplification of already existing weak magnetic fields during the galaxy life and configurations that can be formed in different galaxies, depending on the amount of extremely low-density plasma in them and the movement of that plasma. Moreover, the mechanisms for the formation of initially weak magnetic fields are either kept silent or it is said that these fields were formed at the early stages of the formation of the universe.

Our work attempts to explain the formation of magnetic fields through the presence of active processes taking place in galaxies. That is, a strong outflow of ionized matter from the central regions of galaxies or an inflow of matter (accretion) on those regions. In case of general rotation of galaxies and the presence of the mentioned conditions, the Birman mechanism ("battery effect") works, which is able to generate magnetic fields from zero. The essence of the mechanism is that the masses of electrons and protons in the outflowing or inflowing plasma differ by more than 3 orders of magnitude, and therefore their interaction with the particles of the rotating gaseous medium in galaxies is very different. As a result, the rotational component of the velocity of electrons differs from the rotational component of the velocity of protons at any point in the galaxy, while maintaining the state of electro neutrality. It leads to formation of circular electric currents, as a result of which dipole magnetic fields are formed, which can later be amplified or altered by already known dynamo mechanisms.

A study has been conducted for our Galaxy, taking into account some peculiarities obtained from observations on interstellar gas dynamics. Using planar approximations, when the thickness of the gas layer is much smaller than its radial sizes, modeling of the inversion of the galaxy's magnetic field (reversal of the field direction) was performed. It has been shown that it is theoretically possible to generate such magnetic fields in which while moving away from the center of the galaxy both one-time and two-time changes in the direction of a circular magnetic field can be observed. Using the data of pulsars with high value of Faraday rotation it has been shown that in the plane of the Galaxy the direction of the magnetic field in the circle bounded with 5 and 7 kpc from the center of the Galaxy is opposite to the magnetic field of the other part of the Galactic plane. This result is in good agreement with the above models complied with the theoretical research. The work is of fundamental importance, as an attempt is made to explain the formation of magnetic fields in galaxies from zero by a new, and, in our opinion, the most effective Birman mechanism,” said Ruben Andreasyan.

The research was carried out within the framework of the project "Study of Magnetic Fields of Galaxies". The results of the work were published in the "Астрономический журнал" of the Russian Federation.

The co-authors of the work are young scientists: Yevgeny Mikhailov, an Associate Professor of the Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University after M.Lomonosov, and Hasmik Andreasyan, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences.


Notices








On 8-11 September, 2025, the Institute for Physical Research of NAS RA is holding the XIII International Conference on Magnetic and Superconducting Materials (MSM25) in Yerevan, Armenia

On September 8–12, 2025, Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory after V. Ambartsumian of NAS RA organizes the 4th Byurakan Regional Summer School "Astronomy and Data Science" (4RASS) in Byurakan

On September 15–19, 2025, Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory after V. Ambartsumian of NAS RA organizes the international conference "Astronomical Surveys and Big Data – 3" (ASBD-3) in Byurakan

On September 16–19, 2025, the Division of Physics and Astrophysics of NAS RA and the Institute for Physical Research of NAS RA will organize the Annual International Conference on "Laser Physics". The opening ceremony of the Conference LP 2025 and the first-day scientific session devoted to the Quantum Science and Technologies will be held at the Presidium of NAS RA

On September 21-25, 2025 Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of NAS RA, Yerevan State University and N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences are organizing the International Conference "New Emerging Trends in Chemistry" (NewTrendsChem-2025)

On 22–26 September, 2025, Institute for Informatics and Automation problems of NAS RA organizes the 15th International Conference on "Computer Science and Information Technologies - CSIT-2025" (Yerevan, Armenia)

On 22-26 September, 2025, the Institute of Mechanics NAS RA organizes IX international conference "Topical Problems of Continuum Mechanics" (Tsakhkadzor, Armenia)

On September 26-27, 2025 the Shirak Center for Armenological Studies of NAS RA invites you to Gyumri to participate in the 12th International Conference entitled "Historical and Cultural Heritage of Shirak: Contemporary Issues of Armenian Studies"

On October 6–10, 2025, Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory after V. Ambartsumian of NAS RA will host the international conference "Astronomical Heritage of the Middle East – 2" (AHME-2) under the auspices of UNESCO in Byurakan

On October 17-18, 2025, the NAS RA, the Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sports of RA, the International Scientific and Educational Center of NAS RA will organize a "National Sciences, Mathematics, Technology, and Computer Science in the 21st Century: problems and solutions in the field of popularization and education" 8th Pan-Armenian Conference at the National Academy of Sciences of RA

The process of allocating full-time and part-time PhD admission slots for the 2026–2027 academic year has commenced. The deadline for application submission is October 20, 2025, at 18:00 (via Higher Education and Science Committee system: grants.hesc.am)

On October 22-25, 2025, The Institute of Literature after M. Abeghyan of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, The Division of Armenology and Social Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, The Institute of World Literature after A.M. Gorky of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mekhitarist Congregation, Yerevan State University, House-Museum of Avetik Isahakian, The Fundamental Scientific Library of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, invite to participate in the jubilee international conference dedicated to the 150th anniversary of Avetik Isahakyan's birth

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